[2] The continental shelf of the west coast of North America lies next to a pronounced oxygen
minimum zone (OMZ) in the Pacific Ocean [Helly and Levin, 2004; Paulmier et al., 2006],
and is also one of the most pronounced and well studied upwelling regimes in the world.
Upwelling here takes place in the spring and summer seasons, when the prevailing winds
switch to equatorward during the so-called “spring transition”[eg, Huyer et al., 1979]. There is
large spatial variability along the coast in upwelling intensity, processes, and effects on  ...